Strand A: Reading
Standard 1: The student uses the reading process effectively.
Benchmark(s): Benchmark LA.A.1.2.1: The student uses a table of contents, index, headings, captions, illustrations, and major words to anticipate or predict content and purpose of a reading selection.

Benchmark LA.A.1.2.3: The student uses simple strategies to determine meaning and increase vocabulary for reading, including the use of prefixes, suffixes, root words, multiple meanings, antonyms, synonyms, and word relationships.

Benchmark LA.A.1.2.4: The student clarifies understanding by rereading, self-correction, summarizing, checking other sources, and class or group discussion

Standard 2: The student constructs meaning from a wide range of texts.

Benchmark LA.A.2.2.1: The student reads text and determines the main idea or essential message, identifies relevant supporting details and facts, and arranges events in chronological order.

Benchmark LA.A.2.2.5: The student reads and organizes information for a variety of purposes, including making a report, conducting interviews, taking a test, and performing an authentic task.

Benchmark LA.A.2.2.8: The student selects and uses a variety of appropriate reference materials, including multiple representations of information, such as maps, charts, and photos, to gather information for research projects.

Strand B: Writing

Standard 1: The student uses writing processes effectively.

Benchmark LA.B.1.2.1: The student prepares for writing by recording thoughts, focusing on a central idea, grouping related ideas, and identifying the purpose for writing.

Benchmark LA.B.1.2.3: The student produces final documents that have been edited for · correct spelling; · correct use of punctuation, including commas in series, dates, and addresses, and beginning and ending quotation marks; · correct capitalization of proper nouns; · correct paragraph indentation; · correct usage of subject/verb agreement, verb and noun forms, and sentence structure; and · correct formatting according to instruction.

Benchmark LA.B.2.2.1: The student writes notes, comments, and observations that reflect comprehension of content and experiences from a variety of media.

Benchmark LA.B.2.2.3: The student writes for a variety of occasions, audiences, and purposes.

Benchmark LA.B.2.2.4: The student uses electronic technology, including word-processing software and electronic encyclopedias, to create, revise, retrieve, and verify information.

Strand C:Listening, Viewing, and Speaking

Standard 1: The student uses listening strategies effectively.

Benchmark LA.C.1.2.1: The student listens and responds to a variety of oral presentations, such as stories, poems, skits, songs, personal accounts, informational speeches

Benchmark LA.C.1.2.4: The student listens attentively to the speaker, including making eye contact and facing the speaker.

Benchmark LA.C.1.2.5: The student responds to speakers by asking questions, making contributions, and paraphrasing what is said.

Standard 2: The student uses viewing strategies effectively.

Benchmark LA.C.2.2.1: The student determines main concept and supporting details in a nonprint media message.

Standard 3: The student uses speaking strategies effectively.

Benchmark LA.C.3.2.1: The student speaks clearly at an understandable rate and uses appropriate volume.

Benchmark LA.C.3.2.2: The student asks questions and makes comments and observations to clarify understanding of content, processes, and experiences.

Benchmark LA.C.3.2.3: The student speaks for specific occasions, audiences, and purposes, including conversations, discussions, projects, and informational or imaginative presentations.

Benchmark LA.C.3.2.4: The student uses eye contact and gestures that engage the audience.

Benchmark LA.C.3.2.6: The student organizes a speech using a basic beginning, middle, and ending.

Strand D: Language

Standard 1: The student understands the nature of language.

Benchmark LA.D.1.2.1: The student understands that there are patterns and rule sin the syntactic structure, symbols, sounds, and meanings conveyed through the English language.

Benchmark LA.D.1.2.2: The student understands that language formality varies according to situations and audiences.

Standard 2: The student understands the power of language. Benchmark LA.D.2.2.1: The student understands that word choices can shape reactions; perceptions, and beliefs.

Benchmark LA.D.2.2.3: The student recognizes different techniques used in media messages and their purposes.

Benchmark LA.D.2.2.4: The student selects and uses appropriate technologies to enhance efficiency and effectiveness of communication.

Strand E: Literature

Standard 1: The student understands the common features of a variety of literary forms.

Benchmark LA.E.1.2.1: The student identifies the distinguishing features among fiction, drama, and poetry and identifies the major characteristics of nonfiction.

Benchmark LA.E.1.2.3: The student knows the similarities and differences among the characters, settings, and events presented in various texts.

Benchmark LA.E.1.2.4: The student knows that the attitudes and values that exist in a time period affect the works that are written during that time period.

Standard 2: The student responds critically to fiction, nonfiction, poetry, and drama.

Benchmark LA.E.2.2.1: The student recognizes cause-and-effect relationships in literary texts.

Benchmark LA.E.2.2.3: The student responds to a work of literature by explaining how the motives of the characters or the causes of events compare with those in his or her own life.

Benchmark LA.E.2.2.5: The student forms his or her own ideas about what has been read in a literary text and uses specific information from the text to support these ideas.

Science

Strand B: Energy

Standard 2: The student understands the interaction of matter and energy.

Benchmark SC.B.2.2.1: The student knows that some source of energy is needed for organisms to stay alive and grow.

Benchmark SC.B.2.2.2: The student recognizes the costs and risks to society and the environment posed by the use of nonrenewable energy.

Benchmark SC.B.2.2.3: The student knows that the limited supply of usable energy sources (e.g., fuels such as coal or oil) places great significance on the development of renewable energy sources.

Strand D: Processes that Shape the Earth

Standard 1: The student recognizes that processes in the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere interact to shape the Earth.

Benchmark SC.D.1.2.1: The student knows that larger rocks can be broken down into smaller rocks, which in turn can be broken down to combine with organic material to form soil.

Benchmark SC.D.1.2.2: The student knows that 75 percent of the surface of the Earth is covered by water.

Benchmark SC.D.1.2.3: The student knows that the water cycle is influenced by temperature, pressure, and the topography of the land.

Standard 2: The student understands the need for protection of the natural systems on Earth.

Benchmark SC.D.2.2.1: The student knows that reusing, recycling, and reducing the use of natural resources improve and protect the quality of life.

Strand F: Processes of Life

Standard 1: The student describes patterns of structure and function in living things.

Benchmark SC.F.1.2.2: The student knows how all animals depend on plants.

Benchmark SC.F.1.2.3: The student knows that living things are different but share similar structures.

Strand G: How Living Things Interact with Their Environment

Standard 1: The student understands the competitive, interdependent, cyclic nature of living things in the environment.

Benchmark SC.G.1.2.1: The student knows ways that plants, animals, and protists interact.

Benchmark SC.G.1.2.2: The student knows that living things compete in a climatic region with other living things and that structural adaptations make them fit for an environment.

Benchmark SC.G.1.2.3: The student knows that green plants use carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight energy to turn minerals and nutrients into food for growth, maintenance, and reproduction.

Benchmark SC.G.1.2.4: The student knows that some organisms decompose dead plants and animals into simple minerals and nutrients for use by living things and thereby recycle matter.

Benchmark SC.G.1.2.5: The student knows that animals eat plants or other animals to acquire the energy they need for survival.

Benchmark SC.G.1.2.7: The student knows that variations in light, water, temperature, and soil content are largely responsible for the existence of different kinds of organisms and population densities in an ecosystem.

Standard 2: The student understands the consequences of using limited natural resources.

Benchmark SC.G.2.2.1: The student knows that all living things must compete for EarthÕs limited resources; organisms best adapted to compete for the available resources will be successful and pass their adaptations (traits) to their offspring.

Benchmark SC.G.2.2.2: The student knows that the size of a population is dependent upon the available resources within its community.

Benchmark SC.G.2.2.3: The student understands that changes in the habitat of an organism may be beneficial or harmful.

Strand H: The Nature of Science

Standard 1: The student uses the scientific processes and habits of mind to solve problems.

Benchmark SC.H.1.2.1: The student knows that it is important to keep accurate records and descriptions to provide information and clues on causes of discrepancies in repeated experiments.

Benchmark SC.H.1.2.2.: The student knows that a successful method to explore the natural world is to observe and record, and then analyze and communicate the results.

Standard 2: The student understands that most natural events occur in comprehensible, consistent patterns

Benchmark SC.H.2.2.1: The student knows that natural events are often predictable and logical.

Standard 3: The student understands that science, technology, and society are interwoven and interdependent.

Benchmark SC.H.3.2.1: The student understands that people, alone or in groups, invent new tools to solve problems and do work that affects aspects of life outside of science.

Benchmark SC.H.3.2.2: The student knows that data are collected and interpreted in order to explain an event or concept.

Benchmark SC.H.3.2.3: The student knows that before a group of people build something or try something new, they should determine how it may affect other people.

Benchmark SC.H.3.2.4: The student knows that, through the use of science processes and knowledge, people can solve problems, make decisions, and form new ideas.

Social Studies

Strand A: Time, Continuity, and Change [History]

Standard 1: The student understands historical chronology and the historical perspective.

Benchmark SS.A.1.2.1: The student understands how individuals, ideas, decisions, and events can influence history.

Benchmark SS.A.1.2.3: The student understands broad categories of time in years, decades, and centuries.

Standard 2: The student understands the world from its beginnings to the time of the Renaissance.

Benchmark SS.A.2.2.1: The student knows the significant scientific and technological achievements of various societies (e.g., the invention of paper in China, Mayan calendars, mummification and the use of cotton in Egypt, astronomical discoveries in the Moslem world, and the Arabic number system).

Benchmark SS.A.2.2.6: The student knows how trade led to exploration in other regions of the world (e.g., the explorations of Marco Polo and the Vikings).

Benchmark SS.A.2.2.7: The student understands how developments in the Middle Ages contributed to modern life (e.g., the development of social institutions and organizations, the rise of cities, the formation of guilds, the rise of commerce, the influence of the church, and the rise of universities).

Benchmark SS.A.3.2.4: The student understands the post-Renaissance consequences of exploration that occurred during the Age of Discovery (e.g., European colonization in North America and British imperial efforts in India and other countries).

Standard 6: The student understands the history of Florida and its people.

Benchmark SS.A.6.2.1: The student understands reasons that immigrants came to Florida and the contributions of immigrants to the stateÕs history.

Benchmark SS.A.6.2.2: The student understands the influence of geography on the history of Florida.

Benchmark SS.A.6.2.3: The student knows the significant individuals, events, and social, political, and economic characteristics of different periods in FloridaÕs history.

Benchmark SS.A.6.2.4: The student understands the perspectives of diverse cultural, ethnic, and economic groups with regard to past and current events in FloridaÕs history.

Benchmark SS.A.6.2.5: The student knows how various cultures contributed to the unique social, cultural, economic, and political features of Florida.

Benchmark SS.A.6.2.6: The student understands the cultural, social, and political features of Native American tribes in FloridaÕs history.

Strand B: People, Places, and Environments [Geography]

Standard 1: The student understands the world in spatial terms.

Benchmark SS.B.1.2.2: The student knows how regions are constructed according to physical criteria and human criteria.

Benchmark SS.B.1.2.4: The student knows how changing transportation and communication technology have affected relationships between locations.

Standard 2: The student understands the interactions of people and the physical environment.

Benchmark SS.B.2.2.1: The student understands why certain areas of the world are more densely populated than others.

Benchmark SS.B.2.2.2: The student understands how the physical environment supports and constrains human activities.

Benchmark SS.B.2.2.3: The student understands how human activity affects the physical environment.

Benchmark SS.B.2.2.4: The student understands how factors such as population growth, human migration, improved methods of transportation and communication, and economic development affect the use and conservation of natural resources.

Strand C: Government and the Citizen [Civics and Government]

Standard 1: The student understands the structure, functions, and purposes of government and how the principles and values of American democracy are reflected in American constitutional government.

Benchmark SS.C.1.2.5: The student knows the basic purposes of government in the United States and knows the basic things governments do in oneÕs school, community, state, and nation.

Standard 2: The student understands the role of the citizen in American democracy.

Benchmark SS.C.2.2.1: The student understands the importance of participation through community service, civic improvement, and political activities.

Strand D: Production, Distribution, and Consumption [Economics]

Standard 1: The student understands how scarcity requires individuals and institutions to make choices about how to use resources.

Benchmark SS.D.1.2.1: The student understands that all decisions involve opportunity costs and that making effective decisions involves considering the costs and the benefits associated with alternative choices.

Benchmark SS.D.1.2.2: The student understands that scarcity of resources requires choices on many levels, from the individual to societal.